Pascal Gisenya, Nsengiyumva Bati Daddy, Jérôme Munyangi, Mutaz Akkawi, Pierre Lutgen Already 30 years ago it was known that human monocytes which have ingested hemozoin are unable to neutralize pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and tumor cells, and that macrophage responses decline during the course of human and animal malaria. Hemozoin (Hz) is a biocrystal synthesized by Plasmodium and other blood-feeding parasites to avoid the toxicity of free heme derived from the digestion of hemoglobin during invasion of the erythrocytes. Schwarzer...

Pascal Gisenya, Nsengiyumva Bati Daddy, Jérôme Munyangi, Mutaz Akkawi, Pierre Lutgen Already 30 years ago it was known that human monocytes which have ingested hemozoin are unable to neutralize pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and tumor cells, and that macrophage responses decline during the course of human and animal malaria. Hemozoin (Hz) is a biocrystal synthesized by Plasmodium and other blood-feeding parasites to avoid the toxicity of free heme derived from the digestion of hemoglobin during invasion of the erythrocytes. Schwarzer...